Carl H Durney, 94Payson, UT

4016761, Apr 12, 1977

Apr 18, 1974

5/461834

Thomas C. Rozzell - Annandale VA
Curtis Johnson - Sanda UT
Carl Durney - Salt Lake City UT
James Lords - Salt Lake City UT

The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy - Washington DC

G01K 1112
G01J 560

73356

A temperature probe measures temperature changes of biological tissue while he tissue is being irradiated with microwaves. The temperature probe is completely nonmetallic to minimize perturbation of the microwave field, and the structure of the probe includes a plurality of optic fibers which carry light to and from a reflective liquid crystal film. The liquid crystal is enclosed in a housing at the tip of the probe which is in contact with the biological tissue, and the liquid crystal undergoes changes in absolute reflectance proportional to the temperature changes of the tissue. The optic fibers are gathered in a bundle with a first portion of the bundle transmitting light from a light generation device to the liquid crystal and the remainder of the bundle transmitting reflected light from the crystal back to a photo transistor. The reflected light received by the photo transistor is converted into an electrical signal and displayed as a representation of temperature.

4240445, Dec 23, 1980

Oct 23, 1978

5/954054

Magdy F. Iskander - Midvale UT
Carl H. Durney - Salt Lake City UT

University of Utah - Salt Lake City UT

A61N 140

128804

An apparatus and method for coupling electromagnetic energy into a dielectric material such as tissue while substantially reducing external leakage of the energy. The apparatus may also be used as a receiver for electromagnetic energy transmitted through tissue. The apparatus includes an open transmission line which is inherently non-radiating and may be configurated with a centrally disposed, central strip conductor. A ground plane conductor is placed in spaced relationship to the central strip conductor and on both sides of the central strip conductor. Alternatively, the central strip conductor may be placed in spaced relationship to one side of a ground plane conductor. The central strip conductor is terminated with a resistor of resistance equal to the characteristic impedance of the open transmission line. The spacing and electrical geometry of each of the central strip conductor, ground plane conductor, electrical interconnection points, and the resistor are each selectively predetermined to minimize spurious radiation during coupling of the transmission apparatus. The method includes minimizing external leakage of electromagnetic energy while coupling electromagnetic energy with tissue using the apparatus of this invention.