Martin A Small, 61Indianapolis, IN

4166253, Aug 28, 1979

Aug 15, 1977

5/824690

Martin B. Small - Mohegan Lake NY
Peter S. Zory - Ossining NY

International Business Machines Corporation - Armonk NY

H01S 319

331 945H

In a heterostructure diode injection laser, the active layer has a region of relatively lesser thickness in registration with a stripe geometry contact. Increased gain within the region of lesser thickness relative to adjacent regions of greater thickness tends to effectively confine lasing operation to the thinner or constricted region. The dimensions of the constricted active region may be readily selected to discriminate against multifilament lasing modes in order to produce a single spot laser beam over a wide range of injection levels.

2019034, Nov 14, 2019

May 9, 2019

16/407917

- Frankfurt Am Main, DE
- San Francisco CA, US
- Chicago IL, US
MARTIN SMALL - NEW YORK NY, US
JAMES J. HILL - NEW CANAAN CT, US
STEPHEN LAIPPLY - SAN FRANCISCO CA, US
SAMARA E. COHEN - NEW YORK NY, US
DENNIS O'CALLAHAN - EVANSTON IL, US
JOHN DETERS - CHICAGO IL, US

G06Q 40/06
G06Q 40/04
G06F 16/13
G06F 16/18

A system and method of creating and managing a new index or index fund for investors. The new index is created by cross referencing the holdings information of an exchange-traded fund (ETF). The ETF has the constituents or index holdings information of a benchmark index or a liquid subset of the benchmark index, either of which may be thought of as an initial benchmark index. The initial benchmark index is passively tracked by the ETF. In some implementations of systems providing the new index, futures contracts and/or options on futures contracts are settled by reference to the index levels of the new index, and these futures contracts and/or options may be labeled exchange-traded derivatives.