Michael P Chervenak DeceasedPort Reading, NJ

4217201, Aug 12, 1980

Oct 23, 1978

5/954015

Michael C. Chervenak - Pennington NJ

Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. - Lawrenceville NJ

C10G 106

208 8R

Coal is finely ground and cleaned so as to preferentially remove denser ash-containing particles along with some coal. The resulting cleaned coal portion having reduced ash content is then fed to a coal hydrogenation system for the production of desirable hydrocarbon gases and liquid products. The remaining ash-enriched coal portion is gasified to produce a synthesis gas, the ash is removed from the gasifier usually as slag, and the synthesis gas is shift converted with steam and purified to produce the high purity hydrogen needed in the coal hydrogenation system. This overall process increases the utilization of as-mined coal, reduces the problems associated with ash in the liquefaction-hydrogenation system, and permits a desirable simplification of a liquids-solids separation step otherwise required in the coal hydrogenation system.

3976557, Aug 24, 1976

Nov 29, 1974

5/527943

John Shen - Yardley PA
Michael C. Chervenak - Pennington NJ

Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. - Morristown NJ

C10G 106
C10G 3400

208 10

The removal of particulate solids containing iron sulfides from hydrogenated coal liquids by magnetic separation is improved by pretreatment of the liquid with a gas mixture containing hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide. The coal-derived liquid is contacted with the gas mixture containing at least about 2 vol. % hydrogen sulfide, with the remainder of the gas mixture comprising principally hydrogen. Residue time for the liquid-gas contact should be at least about two minutes and temperature should be less than about 650. degree. F. The treated liquid is then passed through a magnetic field having strength of at least about 3000 gauss to achieve substantial removal of sulfur-containing solids from the liquid. The magnetic solids are then removed from the separator unit, e. g. , by flushing using a light solvent oil, and the remaining liquid fraction carrying less-magnetic solids is passed on to further processing.

4221653, Sep 9, 1980

Jun 30, 1978

5/920825

Michael C. Chervenak - Pennington NJ
Alfred G. Comolli - Trenton NJ

Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. - Lawrenceville NJ

C10G 100
C10G 108

208 8LE

A continuous hydrogenation process and apparatus wherein liquids are contacted with hydrogen in an ebullated catalyst reaction zone with the liquids and gas flowing vertically upwardly through that zone into a second zone substantially free of catalyst particles and wherein the liquid and gases are directed against an upwardly inclining surface through which vertical conduits are placed having inlet ends at different levels in the liquid and having outlet ends at different levels above the inclined surface, such that vapor-rich liquid is collected and discharged through conduits terminating at a higher level above the inclined surface than the vapor-poor liquid which is collected and discharged at a level lower than the inclined surface.

4111788, Sep 5, 1978

Sep 23, 1976

5/725854

Michael C. Chervenak - Pennington NJ
Edwin S. Johanson - Princeton NJ

Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. - Lawrenceville NJ

C10G 108

208 10

The hydrogenation of low rank coal to produce hydrocarbon liquids and gases is conducted in a first stage reaction zone at elevated temperature and pressure and without catalyst, followed by further hydrogenation of the total effluent in a second stage ebullated bed catalytic reaction zone which is maintained at slightly lower temperature. The first stage may comprise an ebullated bed of high density non-catalytic contact material. However, the presence of such contact material is not required. Clarified hydrocarbon liquid streams are returned to the first stage reaction zone as the slurrying oil and to the second stage zone as recycle oil to maintain a significantly high percentage of unconverted coal solids in the first stage reaction zone than in the second stage zone. This two stage reaction arrangement produces a high percentage conversion of the low rank coal to liquid and gaseous products with good process operability.

4191629, Mar 4, 1980

Oct 30, 1978

5/955677

Michael C. Chervenak - Pennington NJ

Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. - Lawrenceville NJ

C10G 106

208 10

A process for the hydrogenation of coal at elevated temperature is disclosed, wherein particulate coal having an average particle size of less than 1000 microns is admixed with a liquid hydrocarbon to form a slurry containing about 30-50 weight percent solids, and the slurry is passed to an ebullated bed reactor wherein the coal is catalytically hydrogenated at reactor pressure of about 100 to 300 atmospheres to produce hydrocarbon products including a liquid residuum containing unconverted processed coal solids. The improved process includes the steps of removing the hydrocarbon products from the reactor; reducing the pressure of the hydrocarbon products not more than 10% below reactor pressure to separate the hydrocarbon products by phase separation of the gaseous components from the liquid component containing residuum and unconverted coal solids; dividing the liquid into a stream for liquid-solids separation and a bypass stream; passing a portion of the liquid residuum to a liquid-solids separator at substantially the same temperature as the phase separating step; recovering from the separator a purified liquid product stream containing a substantially reduced concentration of unconverted coal solids combining a sufficient amount of the bypass stream with the solids reduced stream to maintain the desired levels of solids and residuum in the reactor; recycling the purified liquid product stream to the ebullated bed reactor in a liquid handling system wherein the pressure throughout the process is maintained at least 90% of the reactor pressure; and recovering from the cyclonic separator a second liquid product stream containing 25 to 45 weight percent unconverted coal solids.

4400263, Aug 23, 1983

Feb 9, 1981

6/232789

Paul H. Kydd - Lawrenceville NJ
Michael C. Chervenak - Pennington NJ
George R. DeVaux - Princeton NJ

HRI, Inc. - Lawrenceville NJ

C10G 106

208 10

A process for converting coal and other hydrocarbonaceous materials into useful and more valuable liquid products. The process comprises: feeding coal and/or other hydrocarbonaceous materials with a hydrogen-containing gas into an ebullated catalyst bed reactor; passing the reaction products from the reactor to a hot separator where the vaporous and distillate products are separated from the residuals; introducing the vaporous and distillate products from the separator directly into a hydrotreater where they are further hydrogenated; passing the residuals from the separator successively through flash vessels at reduced pressures where distillates are flashed off and combined with the vaporous and distillate products to be hydrogenated; transferring the unseparated residuals to a solids concentrating and removal means to remove a substantial portion of solids therefrom and recycling the remaining residual oil to the reactor; and passing the hydrogenated vaporous and distillate products to an atmospheric fractionator where the combined products are fractionated into separate valuable liquid products. The hydrogen-containing gas is generated from sources within the process.

3964995, Jun 22, 1976

Jun 21, 1974

5/481797

Ronald H. Wolk - Lawrence Township, Mercer County NJ
Seymour B. Alpert - Princeton NJ
Michael C. Chervenak - Pennington NJ

Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. - Morristown NJ

C10G 2302

208210

A two-stage hydrodesulfurization process for a 65 to 80 percent desulfurization of a high metal content residuum, such as those obtained from Venezuela, in which the contact solids activity in both stages is maintained at an equilibrium level by constant replacement of the contact solids in both stages. The first stage contains a porous alumina solids contact material activated with at least one promoter oxide selected from Fe. sub. 2 O. sub. 3, TiO. sub. 2 and SiO. sub. 2, which has as its primary purpose the removal of vanadium and nickel from the feed material. However, the treatment of the feed in the first stage was found to improve the second stage performance by a factor greater than the amount of metals removed. The second stage contains a highly active desulfurization catalyst of limited porosity.

4054504, Oct 18, 1977

Oct 2, 1975

5/618911

Michael C. Chervenak - Pennington NJ
Edwin S. Johanson - Princeton NJ

Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. - Morristown NJ

C10G 108

208 10

A process is provided for the simultaneous conversion of coal and residuum oil to predominantly liquid products, employing ebullated bed techniques. A fluid blend of particulate coal admixed with crude oil comprising from about 20 to 100% by weight of residuum oil boiling above about 975. degree. F. is contacted with hydrogen in the presence of an ebullated bed of particulate hydrogenation catalyst to effect conversion of at least about 50% of the residuum oil component and up to about 94% of the m. a. f. coal. In an alternate embodiment the oil feed includes recycled oil from the product liquids.